Information About Triglycerides

Triglycerides are fatty acid molecules that circulate in the blood. Triglycerides are carried to adipose tissue where they are stored and later returned to cells where they are used for energy. Triglycerides are found in the fats and oils in your diet. They are comprised of an alcohol group and bonded to three fatty acid chains. Although fats are the best source of energy for the body, too much leads to heart disease and obesity.

Structure

The structure of triglycerides is formed using an ester bond between the molecule glycerol and three fatty acid chains. Glycerol contains three carbons for its backbone with three alcohol groups attached to each one. The ester bond is formed between the alcohol groups on the carbons and the alcohol groups on the fatty acid chains to form a triglyceride.

Lipids

Triglycerides are categorized as lipids. Lipids are high sources of energy used by the body, so unused lipids are stored for future use. Lipids are stored in white adipose tissue, which also serves as protection and cushioning for organs. When the body is in need of energy from low glucose levels, lipids are released into the bloodstream. Cells uptake lipid molecules and break down fatty acid bonds to create energy molecules.

Cholesterol

Cholesterol is responsible for removing high amounts of triglycerides in the body and bringing the molecule back to the liver for recycling. The cholesterol responsible for triglyceride recycling is high density lipoproteins (HDLs), also known as good cholesterol. HDLs eliminate high triglyceride levels, which are shown to be a cause of heart disease in humans.

Heart Disease

High triglycerides are a factor in heart disease risks. High HDL levels are associated with lowering of triglyceride levels in the blood since they bring the molecules back to the liver. LDLs (low density lipoproteins) distribute triglycerides to tissue, so this is why LDLs are associated with high triglyceride levels and heart disease. Other conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity also are linked with high triglyceride levels.

Lowering Triglycerides

Lowering triglycerides is accomplished through your diet and medication. For most people, a change in lifestyle is sufficient. Eat fewer fatty foods and consume foods high in omega-3 fatty acids. These foods, such as fish and flaxseed oil, are associated with high HDL levels. Exercise also is a common element in the lowering of triglycerides.